Electrical Machines 101 · DC Machines

Torque–speed characteristic and equivalent circuit

Operating speed n — —
Operating mode — —
Torque Te = ΣTR — —
Armature current Ia — —
Field current If — —
Back EMF Eg — —
No-load speed n0 — —
Stall torque Tp — —

Machine settings

240 V
0300 V
sets ω0 and Tp together
240 V
40300 V
independent of Va — that is the point
160 Ω
90480 Ω
If = 1.500 A

Mechanical load ΣTR

57 N·m
−80 (overhauling)240 N·m
1.00 × rated torque
hoist, conveyor, kiln — torque does not change with speed

Equivalent circuit

Equivalent circuit of the selected DC machine with live currents and voltages

Torque–speed characteristic

Machine torque and load torque against mechanical speed, with the operating point marked

Torque–current characteristic

Developed torque against armature current
Operating point — numeric view

Steady state, linear magnetics. Speeds in rev/min with rad/s alongside — the equations use ωm in rad/s. The sign convention is motoring-positive, so Ia < 0 means the machine is generating.

Quantity Symbol Value Unit Note